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Sickle cell anemia is a genetic condition that can have significant implications for a woman's health and can be particularly relevant in certain populations, including individuals of African descent. Women with sickle cell anemia are at a greater risk of experiencing recurrent urinary tract infections (UTIs) due to the potential for renal complications associated with the disease, such as sickle cell nephropathy or damage to the urinary tract, which can impair the body's ability to prevent infection.

Additionally, sickle cell anemia can cause sickling of red blood cells in the kidneys and other organs, which can lead to poor blood flow and increased susceptibility to infections. Screening for this condition in black women presenting with recurrent UTIs is important since early identification and management of sickle cell anemia can help mitigate the risks of complications and improve overall health outcomes.

While other conditions like anemia, hypertension, and diabetes are important factors to consider in pregnant women or those with recurrent infections, sickle cell anemia has a more direct link to increased risk of UTIs in this specific demographic, making it a priority in screening.